Emergencies and Hazards Help Center: Welcome
Welcome to the Disaster Recovery and Emergency Preparedness webpage. The Town of
Washington, in conjunction with Cornell Cooperative Extension Dutchess County has developed
a bank of resources to help prepare yourself, your family, your neighborhood and community.
Disasters, whether natural or man-made, can occur unexpectedly and have devastating
consequences for individuals and communities. In these situations, it is crucial to have a plan in
place to minimize the impact of the disaster and recover as quickly as possible.
This webpage provides resources and information to help you prepare for disasters and
emergencies. It covers a range of topics, from developing a family emergency plan to the multi-
faceted relationship between climate change and natural disasters. We also provide information
on what to do during and after a disaster, including how to access emergency services and how
to start the recovery process.
Our goal is to empower individuals and communities to take proactive steps to reduce the
impact of disasters and emergencies. By preparing in advance, we can better protect ourselves,
our families, and our communities. We encourage you to explore the resources available on this
webpage and take the necessary steps to be prepared for the unexpected.
This project was made possible by a program of Cornell Cooperative Extension Dutchess
County, with support from Cornell Cooperative Extension Columbia Greene Counties, in
partnership with the NYS DEC Hudson River Estuary Program, NY Water Resources Institute
and Cornell University with support from the NYS Environmental Protection Fund. For more
information, visit the Climate Resilience Partnership (CRP) webpage.
Stay Informed
Community Notification Systems:
Local:
For up to date information regarding local community notifications in Washington, check the
Town Website or the Town of Washington Facebook Page.
County:
For County wide alerts download the Ready Dutchess app from Apple and Google.
Stay up to date on what is happening in the community by following the Facebook pages for the
Dutchess County Sheriff’s Office and Dutchess County Emergency Management.
Additionally, relevant notifications will be posted on the Dutchess County Emergency
Preparedness webpage.
State:
New Yorkers can subscribe to NY-Alert to receive critical information and emergency alerts on
what is happening in their area. NY-Alert contains critical, emergency-related information
including instructions and recommendations in real-time by emergency personnel. Information
may include severe weather warnings, significant highway closures, hazardous material spills,
and other emergency conditions.
All areas of New York State are included in the system, and you can decide which area you
would like to receive alerts about.
Signing up is free; messages be received by phone, email, text, and fax.
The New York Extension Disaster Education Network (NY EDEN) is a collaborative educational
network based at Cornell University and dedicated to educating New York residents about
preventing, preparing for and recovering from emergencies and disasters. Utilizing an
aggregated collection of research-based guidelines and best practices aggregated from across
the national Extension network, NY EDEN provides communication outreach on these critical
and timely subjects through their website as well as its Facebook and Twitter social media
channels.
NY EDEN is affiliated with the national USDA Extension Disaster Education Network (EDEN).
EDEN is a national organization of land-grant universities that links Extension educators from
across the United States and throughout various disciplines, enabling them to develop and use
resources to reduce the impact of disasters.
Road Closures:
To receive updates on local road closures, check the Town Website or the Town of Washington
Facebook Page.
For county updates, follow the Dutchess County Emergency Management Facebook page or
X/Twitter page.
Road closures on state-maintained roads can also be found here.
Be please aware that during extreme weather events, roads may be closed suddenly by the
town, county, or state and this may not be immediately indicated through the local or state alert
systems. Never drive through water or over downed power lines.
Stream Gage Monitoring:
Stream gages indicate water levels and serve as an indicator of drought or flooding. With
increasing fluctuations in weather patterns, understanding gage information will be an important
tool.
Emergency management and services personnel, as well as citizens, can access daily water
level readings from the following websites:
United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Dashboard
The gages in the surrounding streams can provide important data relating to residents and the
safety of their homes. Use this interactive map to learn more about discharge, turbidity, and
more.
The USGS Mobile Water Data site highlights USGS current conditions water data in a mobile-
friendly website, allowing users to monitor conditions at a favorite river or stream or locate
nearby monitoring locations.
National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service
You can also visit the National Weather Service webpage for direct access to local information
pertaining to the Town of Washington.
The Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service provided by the National Weather Service is a
helpful tool to evaluate current stream conditions. The page titled, “Probability information” has
several tools to predict short term (1-10 days) flood risks.
Ask neighbors and town officials for information on past flood history at your location. Another
strategy is to monitor the gage height in a variety of conditions and relate that measurement to
visual observations of your local stream. How does the stream look after a few days of
consistent rain? How does the stream look after weeks of no rain followed by a large rain event?
Relating your visual observations to gage height measurement leads to a better understanding
of how local streams respond to rain events.
Air Quality Monitoring:
The intensity of wildfires in Canada and western states is increasing, and New York residents
are experiencing an increasing number of days of poor air quality. The NYSDEC currently
measures and reports levels of outdoor air pollution to EPA's Air Quality System (AQS) API.
Visit the Air Quality Index (AQI) forecast for the current air quality forecast across New York
State. For specific measurements and monitoring sites visit the Air Monitoring Website. The
EPA’s AirNow offers localized air quality information based on zip code.
Access Resources
Emergency Assistance and Shelters:
During an emergency or natural disaster, emergency shelters play a critical role in ensuring the
safety, well-being, and survival of affected individuals and communities. These shelters provide
a safe haven for those displaced or at risk, offering temporary refuge, basic necessities, and
essential services. They offer protection from immediate threats, such as extreme weather
conditions, and help mitigate the potential impact of the disaster on vulnerable populations.
Emergency shelters also facilitate coordination and support from relief agencies, enabling the
efficient distribution of food, water, medical assistance, and emotional support.
In the event of an emergency, shelters will be designated by the Town and Dutchess County
officials.
Check this map for open Red Cross shelters in your area: Hudson Valley Red Cross
Please note, unless clearly stated, emergency shelters do not have the capacity to accept
household pets.
Warming and Cooling Centers:
Warming Center:
Extreme cold weather events such as blizzards are becoming more likely in the Northeast and
are predicted to increase in intensity despite rising temperatures and shortened winters.
Warming centers can ensure your safety and prevent exposure to dangerous and inclement
weather.
The Town of Washington has warming centers in select locations that are open when the need
has been determined by the organization operating the center. Check the Town Website or the
Town of Washington Facebook Page for updates when warming centers have opened.
County:
Law Enforcement agencies or any other organizations that come in contact with or become
aware of any individuals that need shelter can bring them to a designated shelter.
Contact the Dutchess County Helpline at 988 or 845-485-9700 to request a Mental Health
America (MHA), Mobile Crisis Intervention Team (MCIT) referral for an assessment, and
transportation to their assigned shelter.
Or download the Dutchess County Helpline app at
https://www.dutchessny.gov/Departments/DBCH/24-7-Services.htm
For up-to-date information on county-designated warming centers check the Dutchess County
Emergency Management Facebook page for updates.
Cooling Center:
Planning for extreme heat is critical for ensuring the long-term resilience of a community and
reducing the number of deaths and hospitalizations that occur during high-heat events. Cooling
centers are air-conditioned spaces where the public can cool down. Air-conditioned libraries,
supermarkets, and malls are great places in the community to get cool. Shaded areas of local
and state parks or swimming facilities like community pools and beaches are also places you
can go to get cool during the summer heat. Please see the Climate Change section for more
information on Extreme Heat and nature-based solutions.
Learn the difference between heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, and heat rash and
what you can do during a heat wave on the DOH website.
Local:
The Town of Washington has cooling centers in select locations that are open when the need
has been determined by the organization operating the center. Check the Town Website or the
Town of Washington Facebook Page for updates when cooling centers have opened.
County:
Cooling centers are facilities where you can go to cool off during extreme heat. In
Dutchess County, many local libraries serve as pre-designated cooling centers. Local
municipalities may also offer additional cooling centers options. Check with your local
municipality to learn more about other possible cooling center options.
For up-to-date information on county-operated cooling centers check the Dutchess County
Emergency Management Facebook page for updates.
Food Pantries:
During an emergency, residents are encouraged to utilize food pantries in surrounding towns.
Reference this list or use the Regional Food Bank Mapper to type in your zip code to find which
location is closest for you.
The Millbrook Library hosts the Millbrook Community Fridge that is open to the public during
library hours.
Additionally, the Food for Folks Food Pantry at Lyall Community Church is available for
qualifying individuals in need. To find out if you qualify, call 845-242-6508.
Food and Water Safety:
In the event of an emergency or disaster, access to food, water, and electricity may be limited or
scarce. Prepare for yourself and your family by storing emergency food and water supplies.
Food:
During an emergency, it's important to take steps to ensure that the food you consume is safe to
eat. Here are some food safety and storage tips to follow during and after an emergency:
1. Keep food at safe temperatures: Keep perishable foods such as meat, poultry, seafood,
and dairy products refrigerated at a temperature below 40°F. If there is a power outage,
try to keep the refrigerator and freezer doors closed as much as possible to maintain the
cold temperature. Use a thermometer to check the temperature inside the refrigerator
and freezer when power is restored.
2. Use food within recommended timeframes: Check the expiration dates on your food
items, and use them within the recommended timeframe. If you are unsure whether a
particular food is still safe to eat, use your senses to check for any unusual odors, colors,
or textures.
3. Store food properly: Keep food stored in airtight containers or packaging to prevent
contamination from pests and bacteria. Avoid storing food near chemicals, cleaning
supplies, or other hazardous materials.
4. Use clean utensils and surfaces: During an emergency, it's important to use clean
utensils and surfaces to prepare and handle food. Wash your hands frequently with soap
and water, and use clean cutting boards, knives, and other utensils.
5. Cook food thoroughly: Cook all meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs to the proper
temperature to kill any harmful bacteria. Use a meat thermometer to ensure that the
internal temperature of cooked food reaches at least 165°F.
6. Use safe water: Use only safe, clean water for drinking, cooking, and cleaning. If you are
unsure about the safety of your water supply, boil it for at least one minute before use.
7. Discard any questionable food: If you suspect that any food may be contaminated,
discard it immediately. Don't take any chances with food safety, especially during an
emergency.
8. Familiar foods are important and create a feeling of security in times of stress. Try to
include foods that you and your family will enjoy and that are also high in calories and
nutrition. Foods that require no refrigeration, water, special preparation, or cooking are
best.
Find out more on how to keep food safe before, during, and after emergencies, such as floods,
fires, natural disasters, or the loss of power by visiting Foodsafety.gov.
For more questions about food safety, contact the USDA’s Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-888-
MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) to talk to a food safety expert or chat live at ask.usda.gov from 10
a.m. to 6 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday.
Water:
Water safety and storage are critical during an emergency. Here are some tips and resources to
help you ensure that you have safe and clean drinking water before, during, and after an
emergency:
Before:
- Store enough water: It's recommended to store at least one gallon of water per person
per day for at least three days. Store water in clean, airtight containers, and label them
with the date they were filled.
- Rotate stored water: If you're storing water for an extended period, rotate it every six
months to keep it fresh.
- Learn how to purify water: Learn how to purify water in case your stored water runs out.
Some methods for purifying water include boiling, using water purification tablets, and
using a water filter.
- Locate emergency water sources: Identify sources of water that you can access in an
emergency, such as a nearby lake, river, or well.
During:
- Use safe water sources: If your regular water supply is compromised, use your stored
water or find a safe water source to use. Boil or treat any water from an unknown source
before drinking it.
- Avoid contaminated water: Do not drink water that has a strange color, odor, or taste.
Also, avoid water that may be contaminated by chemicals, sewage, or other hazardous
materials.
- Collect and store rainwater: You can also collect rainwater during an emergency. Place
a clean container outside to collect the rainwater.
After:
- Check for safety: Check with your local authorities to see if your water supply is safe to
drink. Listen to news reports and follow any instructions from local officials.
- Purify water: If your water supply is not safe, use a water purification method to make it
safe for consumption.
- Dispose of contaminated water: If you suspect that any water may be contaminated, do
not use it for any purpose. Dispose of it properly.
Resources for water safety and storage:
Electrical/Gas Outages & Water/Bagged Ice:
Power outages may become more frequent with increased storm intensities due to climate
change. Stay informed on outages by using the Central Hudson Interactive Outage Map. In the
event of a gas-related emergency, call 911 to contact the local fire department. For information
regarding electric and natural gas safety, visit https://www.cenhud.com/Safety.
In the event of an emergency, Central Hudson will also distribute dry ice and bottled water to
customers in need.
Customers can stay informed of storm and restoration conditions in the following ways:
- By Text Messaging: Customers should enroll in Central Hudson’s Texting Program to
use text messaging to report their power condition and to obtain repair status. To enroll,
visit CentralHudson.com/Alerts or text REG to 236483
- On the Web: Visit CentralHudson.com/Storms to report outages and obtain restoration
updates
- Via smartphones: Updated free Central Hudson mobile applications are available for
Android and Apple devices by logging onto www.cenhud.com/mobileapp.
- Through social media: “Like” Central Hudson on Facebook
(Facebook.com/CentralHudson) and “Follow” on X/Twitter (https://x.com/CentralHudson)
- By phone: Call the Central Hudson PowerLine at (845) 452-2700 or 1-800-527-2714,
and please use the automated system to report or monitor your power condition.
If a member of your household needs electricity to operate life-sustaining
equipment, please contact customer service at (845) 452-2700.
Power Line Safety:
Downed power lines can be extremely dangerous and can cause severe injury or death. Here is
some detailed information and resources on how to stay safe when there are downed power
lines after a storm:
- Stay away from downed power lines: Always assume that any downed power
line is energized and dangerous. Stay at least 10 feet away from the downed line
and anything that it may be touching.
- Avoid contact with anything in contact with the downed line: If a power line
has fallen on a car, fence, or tree, avoid touching these objects as they may be
energized.
- Never attempt to move a downed power line: Only trained professionals
should handle downed power lines. If you see a downed power line, call your local
power company or emergency services immediately.
- If you're in a vehicle that encounters a downed power line: Stay inside the
vehicle and wait for help to arrive. If you must exit the vehicle, jump out with both feet
together, landing on the ground without touching the vehicle and the ground at the
same time. Shuffle away from the vehicle, always keeping your feet close together
and on the ground.
- Report downed power lines: If you see a downed power line, report it to your
local power company or emergency services immediately.
Additional Resources:
Generator Safety:
In the event of an electric failure, generators are typically used as a source of secondary power.
Unfortunately, this emergency equipment can present serious health and safety concerns. The
primary hazards that arise when using a generator include:
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning:
- Never use a generator inside a closed space, including but not limited to, homes,
garages, basements, crawlspaces, or any partially enclosed area.
- Ensure devices are outdoors and are kept away from doors, windows, and vents
that could allow carbon monoxide to circulate indoors.
- CO CANNOT be seen or smelled, leading to incapacitation or death. Do not
attempt to use fans, open doors, or windows to allow for air flow. Rather, if you begin
to feel sick, dizzy, or weak – get to fresh air immediately and seek medical attention.
Do not re-enter the area until it is determined to be safe by trained and properly
equipped personnel.
- Install CO alarms in central locations with your home. Test batteries frequently
and replace when necessary. Ensure alarms are located on every level and in close
vicinity to sleeping areas to ensure proper warning of accumulating carbon
monoxide.
- Make sure the exhaust from your generator is pointed away from your home and
placed at least 20 feet away from all doors and windows.
Fire:
- Generators increase in temperature while running and may remain hot even after
they are stopped. Ensure proper cool off time before refueling, relocating the
generator or placing objects nearby.
- Generator fuels (gasoline, kerosene, etc.) are flammable and will ignite when
spilled on a hot engine part. All fuels should be stored in containers with proper
designs, ventilation, and labeling for contents. Fuels should NOT be stored in the
home.
Electrocution:
- Always use heavy-duty extension cords when connecting a generator to other
appliances.
- An increase in voltage or a surge to outside power lines can occur when hooking
your generator directly into your home power supply. This action could lead to
potential injuries or electrocution of utility linemen but may also bypass circuit
protection devices, resulting in a surge electricity leading to major injury or
death.
*Sources: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Red Cross, FEMA
Additional resources:
- Generator safety video (Includes American Sign Language (ASL) translation)
- How to operate a generator
- CDC carbon monoxide video or call 800-232-4636
Pets and Livestock:
The best way to protect your household from the effects of a disaster is to have a disaster plan.
If you are a pet or livestock owner, that plan must include your pets and livestock. Proper
planning and preparedness measures, such as creating emergency kits, securing shelter, and
identifying evacuation routes, can help safeguard our pets and livestock.
Pet Owners:
Your pets are important members of your family, so they need to be included in your family’s
emergency plan.
- Visit ready.gov/pets for more information and resources.
- Learn how to prepare a disaster plan for your pet by visiting AmericanHumane.org.
- Create a pet emergency preparedness kit.
- The Dutchess County Animal Response Team (DCART) can also offer humane
care and treatment of animals in case of a disaster or other situations that cause
animal suffering by rescuing, relocating, fostering, etc.; and will assist in protecting
public health concerns where humans and animals interact.
- Cold Weather Pet Safety by the American Veterinary Medical Association:
Resources and steps to take to keep a variety of different pets safe during winter
weather.
- Pets and Disasters from the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC):
How to make a disaster plan and evacuation kit and information on sheltering in
place or sheltering during an evacuation.
- Pet-friendly lodging information is available from petswelcome.com.
- Animals in Evacuation Shelters: Many shelters cannot accommodate pets; this
page from the CDC covers ways to minimize health risks if animals are housed in a
public evacuation shelter.
- Protecting Pets and Livestock from Wildfire Smoke.
- The Empire State Animal Response Team (ESART) supports prevention of,
preparedness for, response to, and recovery from emergencies affecting animals
during emergencies in New York State.
- Visit the Red Cross’s Pet Disaster Preparedness page to learn how to prepare
your pets for an emergency evacuation and help them recover afterward.
Livestock Owners:
Livestock play critical roles in agriculture and food production. Safeguarding them during
emergencies helps sustain our communities and the broader economy. Consider the following
tips when learning how to protect your livestock during an emergency:
- Sign up for the Cornell Cooperative Extension Dutchess County
Agriculture and Horticulture Newsletter for updates and information on livestock
and more!
- Do you have a plan for your livestock should disaster strike? Use this
checklist to prepare.
- Keep identification and medical records handy, including vaccination
records, ownership information, and any special instructions or requirements for
each animal.
- Stay up to date on emerging diseases at the Animal Health Diagnostic
Center and via the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets.
- Dairy and Livestock Farm: Disaster Preparedness and Recovery Guide
- Learn about caring for livestock after a disaster.
- What do you do if you lost livestock in a climate disaster? Click here for
information on the Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP) and here for a complete list
of Disaster Assistance Programs.
- New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets (NYSDAM) is the
official source of information for agriculture which includes the animal industry
division.
- Protecting Pets and Livestock from Wildfire Smoke.
The Dutchess County Animal Response is a team of Medical Reserve Corps volunteers who
focus on animal preparedness planning, education, and outreach. Find out about events and
trainings by visiting their Facebook page.
Post Emergency Resources:
For post-emergency assistance services, visit the Hudson Valley Red Cross webpage to learn
more.
For general advice on steps to take after disaster strikes in order to begin getting your home,
your community, and your life back to normal, visit Ready.gov.
For up-to-date information on county-operated and organized resources, visit the Dutchess
County Emergency Services page or check the Dutchess County Emergency Management
Facebook page for updates.
Mental Health:
After a natural disaster, several mental health resources are available to help individuals and
communities cope with the emotional and psychological impact of the event.
- Mental Health Services of Dutchess County: The Dutchess County offers mental
health services both directly by the county and by agencies contracted by the county.
Those interested in Dutchess County’s mental health services can reach out to the
county by phone at 845-486-2700 (24-hour services) or contact via email at
HealthInfo@DutchessNY.gov. - Dutchess County Helpline: The Dutchess County Suicide and Crisis Helpline
offers immediate crisis response and mental health counselling over the phone. Call
988 or 845-485-9700 for 24-hour services. - Mental Health America of Dutchess County: Mental Health America of Dutchess
County offers mental health services, addiction recovery services, veteran services,
among other services for Dutchess County residents. They have a 24-hour mobile
crisis hotline that can be reached at 845-372-5500. - Family Services of Millbrook: Family Services of Millbrook provides services for
the behavioral health needs of adults. This includes individual and group therapy
provided by licensed therapists and counselors as well as a 24-hour Crisis
intervention Hotlines. You can call or text the hotline and 845-485-9700 or call the
hotline toll free at 877-485-9700. - Disaster Distress Helpline: The Disaster Distress Helpline provides 24/7 crisis
counseling and support for individuals experiencing emotional distress related to a
disaster. The helpline is free, confidential, and available to everyone. You can call 1-
800-985-5990 or text "TalkWithUs" to 66746 to connect with a trained counselor. - Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program: The Crisis Counseling
Assistance and Training Program (CCP) is a federal program that provides short-
term counseling and support to individuals and communities affected by a disaster.
The program is designed to help people cope with the immediate emotional and
psychological effects of the disaster and can provide referrals to longer-term mental
health services if needed. - Mental Health America: Mental Health America is a national organization that
provides resources and support for individuals struggling with mental health issues,
including those related to a disaster. Their website offers a variety of resources,
including fact sheets, guides, and tips for coping with disaster-related stress and
trauma. - Local mental health services: After a disaster, local mental health services may
be available to provide counseling and support to those affected. Check with your
local health department or mental health agency for information on available
services.
It's essential to prioritize mental health and seek support if needed after a disaster. Remember,
it's okay to ask for help, and there are resources available to support you.
Get Prepared
Volunteer:
Volunteering before, during, and after an emergency is an essential act of compassion, unity,
and resilience. The importance of volunteering lies in its power to uplift, restore, and heal
communities, fostering resilience and reminding us of the strength we possess when we come
together. It is through volunteering that we demonstrate the best of humanity, showing that
kindness, empathy, and solidarity can conquer any challenge that comes our way. Consider
getting involved in the following opportunities or contact local organizations to find out how you
can help.
- Dutchess County Medical Reserve Corps
- Dutchess County Emergency Services- Volunteer Opportunities
- Ready.gov
Town of Washington residents interested in volunteering may consider reaching out to the
following organizations:
Residents can also use social media platforms and online volunteer databases to find local
volunteer opportunities after a natural disaster. Websites like VolunteerMatch or Serve.gov can
connect you with disaster-related volunteer opportunities in your area.
Remember to inquire about any necessary training or certifications required before volunteering
in disaster-affected areas. It's also important to be patient and flexible, as volunteer needs may
vary depending on the stage of the disaster response and recovery process.
Citizen Preparedness Training:
The Dutchess County Citizen Preparedness Corps gives residents the tools and resources to
prepare for any type of disaster or emergency, respond accordingly and recover as quickly as
possible to pre-disaster conditions. New York State also has a Citizen Preparedness Corps,
learn more here.
For general resources related to weather emergencies, visit the NYS Department of Health's
webpage.
For additional information visit the Dutchess County Department of Emergency Response
webpage and Facebook page.
Make a Plan:
Disasters can happen anywhere, any time. That’s why it’s important you’re prepared. Do you
have a plan for yourself, your pets, and your family? Consider the specific needs you might
have in an emergency by visiting Ready.gov.
You may not be together when disaster strikes, so it’s important to know how you’ll reconnect if
separated. Use this Ready.gov form to create a Family Emergency Communication Plan, which
you can email as a PDF file once complete.
Useful Documents (Ready.gov):
- FEMA Online Ordering Site
- Emergency Plan for Commuters (PDF)
- Pet Owners (PDF)
- Safeguard Documents and Valuables (PDF)
- Emergency Financial First Aid Kit (PDF)
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Disaster Checklist (PDF)
Build a Kit:
An emergency kit should have everything you need to survive for several days. Keeping your kit
stocked with necessities like food, water, and medical care can make the difference in the face
of a disaster. Visit Ready.gov to learn more.
Disaster Kit Checklist:
- First aid kit
- Local maps
- Flashlight and extra batteries
- Cell phone with charger and backup battery
- Water (one gallon per person per day for several days, for drinking and sanitation)
- Food (at least a several-day supply of non-perishable food)
- Battery operated radio
- Essential medications
- Extra blankets, sleeping bag
- Personal sanitation equipment (Feminine supplies, garbage bags, moist towelettes, hand sanitizer, etc.)
- Can opener
- Pet food, water, and supplies (*If applicable)
- Infant formula and diapers (*If applicable)
Learn About Climate Change
Climate Change in NY:
How do we know we are experiencing climate change? Click here for the facts and to learn what
the causes are.
How has climate change affected New York state?
- Climate Change Effects and Impacts
- New York State Climate Impacts and Assessment
- Climate Impact Spotlight: The North Hudson Region
What are some solutions to climate change?
- Drawdown Climate Solutions
- Climate Resilience Policy
- Building Community Resilience with Nature-Based Solutions
Climate Change in Washington:
Climate change has had and will continue to have various impacts on the Hudson Valley region.
Here are some of the observed and projected changes:
1. Temperature: The Hudson Valley has experienced rising temperatures over the
past few decades, and this trend is expected to continue. Winters are becoming
milder, while summers are becoming hotter. Heatwaves are projected to increase in
frequency and intensity, potentially affecting human health, agriculture, and energy
demand.
2. Precipitation: Changes in precipitation patterns have been observed, with more
intense rainfall events and increased risk of flooding. These changes can lead to soil
erosion, damage to infrastructure, and disruptions to agriculture. In contrast, periods
of drought may become more common, impacting water resources and agricultural
productivity.
3. Sea Level Rise: The Hudson Valley is vulnerable to the impacts of sea-level rise
due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. Rising sea levels can increase the risk of
storm surge and coastal flooding, affecting communities along the Hudson River and
its estuary. Low-lying areas may experience saltwater intrusion into freshwater
sources.
4. Extreme Weather Events: Climate change is associated with an increased
frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as hurricanes, heavy
storms, and snowstorms. These events can lead to property damage, power
outages, and disruptions to transportation and daily life.
5. Ecological Changes: Climate change can alter the distribution and composition of
ecosystems in the Hudson Valley. Species may shift their ranges or face challenges
adapting to changing conditions, leading to potential disruptions in local biodiversity
and ecological interactions.
Resources:
- Climate Projections for the Hudson Valley- Cornell CALS
- Cornell Cooperative Extension Dutchess County
- Climate Change in the Hudson Valley- DEC fact sheet
The Town of Washington Conservation Advisory Council is charged with advising official
municipal bodies active in community planning, and with promoting wise use of the town’s
natural resources. Membership draws interested citizens from across the Clinton community
and includes a diversity of talent and expertise. The common commitment is a sincere
dedication to preserving the quality of the environment.
The Town of Washington Climate Smart Communities (CSC) Task Force consists of local
stakeholders to assist in developing a strategy and work plan for establishing a baseline for the
town’s current emissions, for recommending reduction targets, for identifying new strategies for
reductions and energy efficiency, and for recommending ways in which these strategies can be
incorporated into the town’s economic development and planning efforts. The CSC Task Force
is working towards bronze certification in the New York State Climate Smart Communities
Program.
Invasive Species and Climate Change:
Invasive species and climate change are two major global environmental issues that are closely
interconnected. Climate change can create new habitats or alter existing ones, which can make
it easier for invasive species to establish and spread. In turn, invasive species can exacerbate
the impacts of climate change by altering ecosystems, reducing biodiversity, and damaging
infrastructure.
For example, as temperatures warm, some invasive species that were once confined to tropical
or subtropical regions may be able to survive and spread into new areas. This can lead to a loss
of biodiversity, as native species are outcompeted for resources. Invasive species can also alter
ecosystems by changing the frequency and intensity of fires, reducing soil quality, and
impacting water resources. Moreover, invasive species can also contribute to climate change by
releasing large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. For instance, the invasive plant species
known as purple loosestrife can cause significant carbon emissions by outcompeting native
vegetation and reducing carbon sequestration.
Invasive Species in the Hudson Valley and Catskills Regions:
The Hudson Valley and Catskills regions of New York are home to several invasive species,
which can cause harm to native ecosystems and biodiversity.
Here are a few examples:
- Water Chestnut: Water Chestnut is a rooted aquatic annual herb that colonizes
areas of freshwater lakes and ponds and slow-moving streams and rivers where it
forms dense mats of floating vegetation, causing problems for boaters and swimmers
and negatively impacting aquatic ecosystem functioning. - Japanese Knotweed: Japanese Knotweed is a tall, fast-growing plant that can
quickly overtake native vegetation. It forms dense thickets that can block waterways
and alter the ecosystem. It is prevalent in the Hudson Valley and Catskills regions,
and its control and removal can be challenging. - Emerald Ash Borer: The Emerald Ash Borer is a small, metallic green beetle that
feeds on and kills ash trees. It is a significant threat to the ash tree population in the
region, and efforts are underway to control its spread. - Spotted Lanternfly: The Spotted Lanternfly is an invasive insect that feeds on the
sap of plants, causing damage to fruit trees, grapevines, and hardwood trees. It was
first detected in the region in 2020 and is considered a significant threat to
agriculture. - Mile-a-Minute Vine: The Mile-a-Minute Vine is a fast-growing, invasive vine that
can smother native vegetation and alter the ecosystem. It has spiky stems covered in
barbs that can make it difficult to control and remove. - Zebra Mussel: Zebra Mussels are small, freshwater mollusks that can attach to
and damage water infrastructure, boats, and other structures. They can also
outcompete native species for resources and alter the ecosystem. They were first
detected in the region in the early 2000s and have since spread to several
waterways in the Hudson Valley and Catskills regions.
Efforts are underway to control and prevent the spread of these and other invasive species in
the region. Community members can help by learning to identify invasive species, reporting
sightings to local authorities, and taking steps to prevent the introduction and spread of invasive
species, such as cleaning boats and equipment before entering waterways.
Resources:
- New York Invasive Species Information: This website provides comprehensive
information about invasive species in New York, including identification,
management, and prevention strategies. It also offers a variety of educational
resources, such as videos, posters, and fact sheets. - New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC): The DEC is
responsible for managing and protecting New York's natural resources, including
invasive species. Their website offers a wealth of information about invasive species,
including an identification guide, a list of prohibited and regulated species, and
information about management and control. - NY iMapInvasives: This is an online mapping tool that allows users to report and
track invasive species sightings. It is a collaborative effort between government
agencies, non-profit organizations, and citizen scientists, and is designed to help
identify and manage invasive species populations. Community members can use the
tool to report invasive species sightings in their area and contribute to the overall
effort to combat invasive species in New York. - New York Natural Heritage Program (NYNHP): NYNHP works to facilitate the
conservation of New York’s biodiversity by providing comprehensive information and
scientific expertise on rare species and natural ecosystems to resource managers
and other conservation partners. - Catskill Regional Invasive Species Partnership (CRISP): CRISP promotes
education, prevention, early detection and control of invasive species to limit their
impact on the ecosystems and economies of the Catskills. - Lower Hudson Partnership for Regional Invasive Species Management
(LHPRISM): The Lower Hudson PRISM works to protect the biodiversity and
ecosystem services of the nine counties and boroughs which make up the Lower
Hudson region through a collaborative and integrated approach to invasive species
management.
View the map below to discover which PRISM region you belong to:
Harmful Algal Blooms:
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are a serious environmental issue in New York, particularly in the
summer months when temperatures are warm and water levels are low. HABs are caused by an
overgrowth of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, which can produce toxins
harmful to humans and animals.
HABs can occur in both freshwater and marine environments and can be triggered by a variety
of factors, including warm water temperatures, excessive nutrients from sources such as
agricultural and urban runoff, and changes in water chemistry. In the Hudson Valley and
Catskills regions, HABs are often associated with nutrient pollution from agricultural runoff and
sewage discharge, which can contribute to the growth of cyanobacteria.
HABs can have serious impacts on human and animal health. The toxins produced by
cyanobacteria can cause a range of symptoms, including skin irritation, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, and even liver damage. In some cases, exposure to HABs can be fatal for pets and
wildlife.
To address the issue of HABs in the Hudson Valley and Catskills regions, efforts are underway
to reduce nutrient pollution, improve water quality monitoring and reporting, and develop early
warning systems to alert the public to potential HAB outbreaks. Community members can also
take steps to help prevent HABs by reducing their use of fertilizers and other sources of nutrient
pollution and reporting suspected HABs to local authorities.
Resources:
- New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC): The NYS
DEC provides information on harmful algae blooms across the state. Their website
includes updates on current blooms, health advisories, and information on how to
report a bloom. - New York State Department of Health (DOH): The DOH oversees the health,
safety, and well-being of New Yorkers by utilizing new developments in science as
critical tools in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. - The New York State Federation of Lake Associations (NYS FOLA): NYSFOLA is
a not-for-profit coalition of lake associations, individuals, and corporate members
dedicated to the protection and restoration of New York lakes. - Hudson River Watershed Alliance: The Hudson River Watershed Alliance is a
network of organizations and individuals working to protect the Hudson River and its
watershed. Their website includes information on harmful algae blooms, including
resources for prevention and management. - The United State Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): The mission of EPA is
to protect human health and the environment by providing accurate scientific
information.
Flooding:
With increased oceanic and atmospheric temperatures, it is likely that residents will encounter
increased precipitation, heatwaves, and substantial likelihood of extreme flood events. All
residents should be aware of risks and know how to find information and help when flooding
occurs. Whether you live in the flood zone or not, being prepared for an emergency is important.
Visit this checklist to find important information before you take steps to repair your flooded
home.
To learn more about preparation for a flood and other protective actions, visit FEMA.gov.
For owners and managers of public river access sites, visit the NYS DEC’s Flood Resiliency
Handbook for guidelines to reduce damage, costs, and other consequences associated with the
effects of climate change, and begin planning for resilience.
To learn more about flood impact along the Hudson River, visit the Hudson River Flood Impact
Decision Support System.
Flood Risk:
Visit FEMA's Flood Map Service Center to know types of flood risk in your area. The Emergency
Alert System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather
Radio also provide emergency alerts.
Flood Insurance:
Homeowner’s insurance policies do NOT cover flooding. It is recommended that residents in
flood-prone areas purchase or renew a flood insurance policy. Policies typically go into effect 30
days after purchase. Get flood coverage under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
Post Flood Resources:
MyCoast NY is a statewide portal used to collect and analyze photos of flooding, storm damage,
and coastal change. When a photo report is submitted, it is automatically linked to data from the
closest weather, river, and tidal or lake gauge to help provide context to the photo and is then
posted to the mycoast.org/ny website for anyone to see. Photo reports can be submitted
through the app (iPhone / Android) or the website with a registered account. The three photo
report types are:
- Flood Watch: Tracking flooding across the state. This included inland and coastal
flooding.
- Storm Reporter: Documenting storm damage across the state.
- Coast Snap: Capturing the changing shoreline- currently at three locations.
Use MyCoast as a repository for photos of flood and storm impacts that can help raise
awareness, build political will, inform municipal planning and emergency management, and
complement other data and mapping. MyCoast brings together community members, local
officials, state agencies, researchers, and NGOs in sharing and using the information.
To learn more about MyCoast NY, contact Jessica Kuonen at jak546@cornell.edu.
For information and resources related to repairing your flooded home, visit Health.ny.gov.
Extreme Heat:
Average and maximum temperatures have increased in New York State since the early 20th
century and are projected to continue to rise throughout the 21st century. Days above 90°F and
days above 95°F are projected to become more common across all regions of New York.
Multiday heat waves (three or more days in a row with maximum temperatures at or above
90°F) are expected to occur more often and last longer in the decades ahead. Between 2000
and 2004, New York experienced an average of less than one heat wave every year. By the
2050s this rate could increase to up to eight heat waves per year for some regions of the state.
Review the completed 2024-2030 New York State Extreme Heat Action Plan here.
Higher heat indexes—and more days with high heat indexes—lead to more risks to human
health from heat, such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke. Impacts are worsened by socio-
economic, environmental, age-and-health related conditions, and other factors that increase
risks, especially to vulnerable groups. People of color, Indigenous People, unhoused people
and people living in institutional settings, older adults, infants and children, pregnant women,
and people with chronic illnesses are especially at risk. Vulnerability to extreme heat is also
related to race and ethnicity, socio-economic status, and language proficiency. In some cases,
increased internal temperatures during pregnancy have been linked to birth defects and other
pregnancy complications.
Discover more about extreme heat, associated health risks, and how nature-based solutions
such as trees can help mitigate the health effects of extreme heat:
- Climate Change Effects and Impacts
- Keep Your Cool During Summer Heat
- Extreme Heat Advice
- Heat and Pregnancy
- FEMA Nature Based Solutions
- Watch an overview of the New York State Extreme Heat Action Plan
Strategies on how to conserve water and power during heatwaves:
- Set your thermostat no lower than 78° F.
- Only use air conditioning in rooms that you are occupying.
- Turn off lights and non-essential appliances when they are not in use.
- Only run dishwashers and washing machines when they are full and during hours of low energy demand (between 11 p.m. and 7 a.m.).
- Only water your lawn in the early morning or evening hours.
- Store drinking water in the refrigerator (so that you do not have to let the tap run while waiting for it to cool).
- Defrost food in the refrigerator overnight (instead of running water to thaw it).
- Take short showers.
- Only fill the tub halfway when bathing.
- Turn off the tap while you are brushing your teeth.
Resources:
For local updates and safety advice during heat events visit:
- Columbia County Emergency Management Office Facebook Page
- Columbia County 911 Facebook page
- Columbia County Department of Health Facebook page
- Columbia County Department of Health
Download Columbia County Department of Health’s Mobile App.
Also explore the DOH pre-designated cooling centers website and check with your local
municipality to learn more about other possible cooling center options.
How Can I Help?:
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and creating resilient communities are crucial for
mitigating and adapting to climate change. To learn more about mitigation and adaptation
strategies in response to climate change, visit NASA. Here are some strategies to achieve this
through energy efficiency, renewable energy adoption, sustainable transportation choices,
waste reduction practices, green infrastructure and nature-based practices, riparian buffers, and
water-smart landscaping:
Energy Efficiency:
- Improve insulation and weatherization of homes and buildings to reduce
energy consumption. Learn more: Energy.gov - Energy Efficiency Upgrades
- Upgrade to energy-efficient appliances, lighting, and HVAC systems.
- Explore: ENERGY STAR.
- Receive no-cost energy advising and assistance with accessing NYS
energy efficiency assistance programs through CCE Smart Energy Choices - MidHudson.
Renewable Energy Adoption:
- Install solar panels on rooftops to generate clean, renewable electricity.
- Discover: New York State Energy and Research Development Authority (NYSERDA).
- Consider joining community solar projects to access renewable energy even if you can't install panels at your location.
- Find out more: New York State Energy and Research Development Authority (NYSERDA).
Sustainable Transportation Choices:
- Consider purchasing an electric vehicle (EV) or hybrid vehicle to reduce emissions from transportation. Find out more: New York State Energy and Research Development Authority (NYSERDA).
Waste Reduction Practices:
- Practice recycling and composting to minimize waste sent to landfills.
Find recycling facilities near you:
- NYS Open Data Composting - Solid Waste Management Facilities Map
- NYS Open Data Land Application - Solid Waste Management Facilities Map
- Cornell Waste Management Institute NYS Compost Facilities Map
- Reduce single-use items by opting for reusable alternatives like water bottles, shopping bags, and food containers. Learn more: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
Green Infrastructure and Nature-Based Practices:
- Consider using natural processes to help capture stormwater and rain, capture carbon, and reduce the effects of extreme heat through practices such as:
- Green walls
- Green roofs
- Rainwater harvesting and reuse (rain barrels and cisterns)
- Downspout disconnection (redirecting roof runoff to a vegetated, pervious area, cistern or rain barrel)
- Rain/recharge gardens, vegetated swales, stormwater planters, and stormwater street tree plantings (engineered tree pits, tree boxes, or trenches)
- Permeable pavements
- Tree Canopies
- Explore: https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_riskmap-nature-based-solutions-guide_2021.pdf
- https://www.epa.gov/green-infrastructure
- Become certified to maintain, inspect, and install green infrastructure through the National Green Infrastructure Certification Program
Riparian Buffers:
- Expanding riparian buffer areas and restoring vegetation, especially native trees and shrubs, helps to store water during droughts and helps protect people and property from the impacts of flooding.
- Learn more about riparian buffers and programs that support them:
- https://www.nynhp.org/projects/statewide-riparian-assessment/
- https://dec.ny.gov/nature/forests-trees/saratoga-tree-nursery/trees-for-tribs
- https://dec.ny.gov/environmental-protection/water/water-quality/nps-program/riparian-buffers
Water-smart Landscaping:
- Reducing lawn and garden irrigation needs could alleviate water shortages in summer months. This practice starts with good planning and site design and emphasizes native, disease-resistant plants that are well-suited for local soils and climate.
- Discover more:
- https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/landscaping-water-conservation
- https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/
- https://www.epa.gov/watersense/outdoors
These strategies, when adopted by individuals and communities, can significantly contribute to
reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building resilience in each area. For more information
and resources on reducing emissions and sustainable practices, you can refer to organizations
such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and
Sustainable America.
Get Involved:
Recognizing the negative effects of climate change is the first step in making a change. If you
would like to learn more about how you can get involved in adaptation and resiliency projects
related to climate change or join the task force monthly meetings, visit the Town of Washington
Event Board.
You can also visit the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) webpage for more information
on what you can do to help.
This project was made possible by a program of Cornell Cooperative Extension Dutchess
County in partnership with the NYS DEC Hudson River Estuary Program, NY Water Resources
Institute and Cornell University with support from the NYS Environmental Protection Fund. For
more information, visit the Climate Resilience Partnership (CRP) webpage.
*Last updated: 12/4/2024